How does a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in older adults primarily affect medications?

A decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in older adults primarily affects the excretion of medications. The kidneys play a crucial role in the elimination of drugs from the body, and GFR is a key indicator of kidney function. As individuals age, their GFR tends to decline, leading to reduced renal clearance of medications that are primarily eliminated through the kidneys.

This decline in kidney function can result in the accumulation of drugs in the bloodstream, increasing the risk of adverse effects and toxicity. Medications that rely heavily on renal excretion necessitate careful monitoring and potentially dose adjustments in older adults to avoid harmful side effects from prolonged drug exposure due to decreased clearance.

In contrast, absorption, distribution, and metabolism can also be affected by aging, but the most significant and direct impact related to GFR is on excretion. Thus, understanding how decreased GFR influences medication management is crucial for safe and effective treatment in older populations.